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It
was the first significant raid during 2.w.war.
It saw the participation of 350 British and 52 Norwegian
soldiers.
Among
the Norwegian forces was the now famous captain Linge.
Martin Linge and his men were the forerunners of what's
later known as the famous "Linge company".
The allied forces occupied Henningsvær, Brettesnes,
Stamsund and Svolvær for some 6 hours. Many ships
were sunk. Land based fish and herring oil factories
were blown up.
Even the worlds most modern fish factory-ship, the "Hamburg"
were sunk at port. The Hamburg (about 9000 tons) still
rest at the bottom of Svolvær harbour at 18 m
deep.
Another
tragedy was the sinking of the civilian coastal liner,
the "Mira", which didn't stop after being
fired upon by a warning shot from the British destroyer
"Bedouin". 7 civilians lost their lives.
Later it has been clamed that a German officer
threatened the officers on "Mira" to go on,
but this is been denied by the still living helmsman.
The reason that "Mira" didn't stop was that
they did not understand what was going on. They thought
that the warship was Germans on manoeuvre.
Hitler
wasn't exactly thrilled with the friendly reception
the British soldiers got. And the fact that some 300
volunteered to return with the British forces to join
them back in England. Nor did it amuse Hitler that 212
Germans were captured and brought to England.
A
"Führer befehl", an order directly from
Hitler's headquarter was issued to annihilate the city
of Svolvær. Very aggressive SS soldiers were assigned
to Svolvær, Kabelvåg, Stamsund and Henningsvær.
They spread fear troughout the whole civilian population.
In Svolvær, seven houses were burned to the ground
before these acts of terror stopped. Houses in both
Henningsvær and Stamsund was set on fire as well.
And the first Norwegian prisoners of war who were put
in the Norwegian concentration-camp "Grini"
( placed in Oslo) , came from Svolvær and Lofoten.
About 100 all in all. They were nicknamed "The
Svolvær hostages".
An
extensive fortification of Svolvær started after
the "Lofoten raid". Bunkers, fortresses and
machinegun-nests were built, and construction lasted
up to the German capitulation in 1945. Svolvær
was in fact the most fortified city in Norway, with
all it's bunkers and military structures within a 2
km area.
The
attack on Lofoten, led to Gestapo establishing their
main headquarter (SD) for the region (Lofoten &
Vesterålen) in Svolvær. The "Wehrmacht"
didn't feel safe at all after the Lofoten raid, resulting
in more German soldiers being assigned to Norways northern
areas. (about 100 000)
The
"Lofoten raid" is considered the first total
victory against Germany during 2.w.war. (even considering
the fact that the Germans were driven out of Narvik
earlier, but the Germans weren't defeated.) British
press made a huge number of the "Lofoten raid",
and it had an enormous boost on morale. On the other
side, the "Lofoten raid" led to an enormous
fortification of Svolvær.
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